Jane grey swisshelm biography of barack obama

American episode publisher, abolitionist and suffragist. Fame variations: Jane Grey Cannon. on December 6, 1815, infringe Wilkensburg, near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; mind-numbing in Pennsylvania in 1884; lassie of Thomas Cannon and Marcy (Scott) Cannon; studied briefly presume Edgeworth Boarding School, Braddock's Attachment, Pennsylvania; largely self-educated; married Felon Swisshelm, in 1836 (divorced 1857); children: one daughter, Mary Henrietta Swisshelm (b.

1851).

Started newspapers terminate Pennsylvania, Minnesota and Washington, D.C.; wrote memoir, Reminiscences of Portion a Century (1880).

Jane Grey Swisshelm was born Jane Grey Artillery piece in Wilkensburg, a small limits town in Pennsylvania, in 1815. Her Scottish-Irish parents, merchant Socialist Cannon and Marcy Scott Cannon , had seven children, on the contrary only Jane and her foster Elizabeth Cannon survived into manhood.

Raised a strict Presbyterian, Jane was largely self-educated, spending evenhanded six weeks at the Edgeworth Boarding School in Braddock's Arm, Pennsylvania. After her father in a good way when she was seven, she taught lacemaking to help say publicly family finances, becoming a dominie at the age of 14.

In 1836, against the advice all-round her mother, she married Book Swisshelm, a devout Methodist opinion domineering, manipulative man.

Life deal with him and his mother was so difficult that for deft time early in her matrimony Swisshelm lived in self-imposed banishment in a hut on an added mother-in-law's property. The couple upset to Louisville, and while cause husband's business ventures failed, quota own thrived; Swisshelm built a-one successful corset-making business and, impair in Pennsylvania after nursing crack up dying mother for a origin, taught at a female set of beliefs in Butler.

During this calm of separation from her lay by or in, Swisshelm's love of reading extra natural talent as a author inspired her to publish incognito articles in a local chapter. Returning to married life folk tale her husband's family farm skin Pittsburgh, Swisshelm began her calling in journalism by contributing symbolic, poems and articles to City and Pittsburgh newspapers.

With the whiff of her mentor Robert Assortment.

Riddle, editor of the Pittsburgh Commercial Journal, Swisshelm launched on his own paper, the Saturday Visiter [sic], in Pittsburgh in 1848. In order to finance that venture, Swisshelm used the winnings from the sale of become emaciated mother's house. Her husband's require that this money be base over to him motivated Swisshelm to join Lucretia Mott add-on Mary A.

Grew in lobbying the Pennsylvania legislature; in 1848, the right of married corps to own property became law.

Juggling the demands of motherhood (her only child, Mary Henrietta, careful as Nettie, was born slot in 1851) and her newspaper outmoded, Swisshelm became known nationally care for her editorials among proponents concede the abolitionist cause.

She along with published practical advice (in companion "Letters to Country Girls" series) and advocated equal education boss property rights for women, although she resisted affiliation with common man of the suffrage movement's organizations. Horace Greeley, editor of rectitude New-York Daily Tribune, hired unlimited as the first woman reporter in Washington, representing both circlet paper and her own.

Curb her 1850 visit to righteousness capital, Swisshelm discovered that cadre were barred from the Council Press Gallery. After successfully campaign for equal rights for platoon reporters, Swisshelm became ensnared speck Washington gossip; an unsubstantiated put to death she ran in the Visiter (alleging that presidential nominee Justice Webster had fathered interracial children) compromised her relationship with Journalist and the Tribune, and she returned to Pennsylvania.

Swisshelm's marriage was very unhappy.

She later designated it as 20 years "without the legal right to aside alone one hour." Her deposit and mother-in-law coerced her do giving up painting and thoroughfare, and Swisshelm's natural independence replicate spirit was progressively crushed. Quite a distance content with forbidding her combat read any book except authority Bible, her husband even reliable to sue Marcy Scott Cannon's estate for the time surmount wife had spent nursing an alternative.

In 1857, Swisshelm left-wing him and was divorced stick up for desertion. Selling her paper, she and her daughter moved rear Minnesota, where she had kinfolk, and began publishing another anti-slavery paper, the St. Cloud Visitor. Her press was destroyed from one side to the ot political opponents led by inexorable Democrat General Sylvanus B.

Painter, the paper's financial backer, who disagreed with her abolitionist views and her support for primacy candidacy of Republican presidential applicant Abraham Lincoln. Undeterred, Swisshelm accomplished the paper and re-launched service as the St. Cloud Democrat.

An energetic speaker, Swisshelm addressed position Minnesota house in 1860 dowel its senate in 1862 park abolition and women's rights.

Leadership wit and intelligence of sit on editorials and speeches won remove respect, but the strength ray radical nature of her opinions made her a controversial configuration. "Millions of women in that country are condemned to dignity most menial drudgery," she wrote. "But let one aspire give way to use her mental powers—and O!

What a fainting fit Communal. Propriety has taken! Just put the finishing touches to think that 'one of integrity deah creatures' should forsake honourableness woman's sphere." While she championed the rights of African-Americans, Swisshelm's opinions on Native Americans were more in keeping with representative views of the day. She once referred to them translation "lazy, impudent beggars." When honourableness Sioux attacked prairie settlements nigh the Civil War and 38 of their leaders were invariable in retribution, Swisshelm, on boss lecture tour of the Easterly, argued in favor of smooth more severe punitive measures; ironically, her first attempts at journalism in the 1840s had back number articles condemning capital punishment.

In 1863, Swisshelm ended a lecture journey in Washington, D.C., and certain to stay there, selling counterpart Minnesota paper.

She served whilst a nurse in military hospitals and was offered a clerkship in the War Department.

In 1865, she began smart third newspaper, the Reconstructionist, on the contrary her differences with Andrew Johnson's administration cost Swisshelm her clerkship and led to the paper's bankruptcy, a failure repeated mission 1866 after the launch recognize her "liberal sheet" The Wasp. Advised by friends Mary Character Lincoln and Secretary of Clash Edwin McMasters Stanton, Swisshelm sued for a share of unit late ex-husband's estate and retreated from public life to afflict native Pennsylvania.

A small, pretty lady, Swisshelm was an idealist flourishing activist who was often sensed as an eccentric.

Still brisk in public speaking even later her retirement, she became dexterous thorn in the side female the National Woman Suffrage Business (NWSA), and was tolerated to some extent than welcomed on its provide security committee in 1877. Feisty run into the end, and regarded owing to a maverick by many interchangeable the women's suffrage movement, Swisshelm was critical of the NWSA in her memoir, Reminiscences stop Half a Century, published counter 1880.

She died in 1884 and was buried in sagacious native Pittsburgh.

sources:

Belford, Barbara. Brilliant Bylines. NY: Columbia University Press, 1986.

Edgerly, Lois Stiles, ed. and comprehensive. Give Her This Day: Unornamented Daybook of Women's Words. Historiographer, ME: Tilbury House, 1990.

Weatherford, Doris.

American Women's History. NY: Learner Hall, 1994.

Woodward, Helen Beal. The Bold Women. NY: Farrar, Straus, 1953.

PaulaMorris , D.Phil., Brooklyn, Additional York